home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
File List | 1998-06-15 | 3.6 KB | 100 lines |
-
- DIR(5) UNIX Programmer's Manual DIR(5)
-
- NNAAMMEE
- ddiirr, ddiirreenntt - directory file format
-
- SSYYNNOOPPSSIISS
- ##iinncclluuddee <<ssyyss//ttyyppeess..hh>>
- ##iinncclluuddee <<ssyyss//ddiirr..hh>>
-
- DDEESSCCRRIIPPTTIIOONN
- Directories provide a convenient hierarchical method of grouping files
- while obscuring the underlying details of the storage medium. A directo-
- ry file is differentiated from a plain file by a flag in its inode(5) en-
- try. It consists of records (directory entries) each of which contains
- information about a file and a pointer to the file itself. Directory en-
- tries may contain other directories as well as plain files; such nested
- directories are refered to as subdirectories. A hierarchy of directories
- and files is formed in this manner and is called a file system (or re-
- ferred to as a file system tree).
-
- Each directory file contains two special directory entries; one is a
- pointer to the directory itself called dot `.' and the other a pointer to
- its parent directory called dot-dot `..'. Dot and dot-dot are valid path-
- names, however, the system root directory `/', has no parent and dot-dot
- points to itself like dot.
-
- File system nodes are ordinary directory files on which has been grafted
- a file system object, such as a physical disk or a partitioned area of
- such a disk. (See mount(1) and mount(8).)
-
- The directory entry format is defined in the file <dirent.h>:
-
- #ifndef _DIRENT_H_
- #define _DIRENT_H_
-
- /*
- * A directory entry has a struct dirent at the front of it, containing its
- * inode number, the length of the entry, and the length of the name
- * contained in the entry. These are followed by the name padded to a 4
- * byte boundary with null bytes. All names are guaranteed null terminated.
- * The maximum length of a name in a directory is MAXNAMLEN.
- */
-
- struct dirent {
- u_long d_fileno; /* file number of entry */
- u_short d_reclen; /* length of this record */
- u_short d_namlen; /* length of string in d_name */
- #ifdef _POSIX_SOURCE
- char d_name[MAXNAMLEN + 1]; /* maximum name length */
- #else
- #define MAXNAMLEN 255
- char d_name[MAXNAMLEN + 1]; /* maximum name length */
- #endif
-
- };
-
- #ifdef _POSIX_SOURCE
- typedef void * DIR;
- #else
-
- #define d_ino d_fileno /* backward compatibility */
-
- /* definitions for library routines operating on directories. */
- #define DIRBLKSIZ 1024
-
- /* structure describing an open directory. */
- typedef struct _dirdesc {
- int dd_fd; /* file descriptor associated with directory */
- long dd_loc; /* offset in current buffer */
- long dd_size; /* amount of data returned by getdirentries */
- char *dd_buf; /* data buffer */
- int dd_len; /* size of data buffer */
- long dd_seek; /* magic cookie returned by getdirentries */
- } DIR;
-
- #define dirfd(dirp) ((dirp)->dd_fd)
-
- #ifndef NULL
- #define NULL 0
- #endif
-
- #endif /* _POSIX_SOURCE */
-
- #ifndef _KERNEL
-
- #include <sys/cdefs.h>
-
- #endif /* !_KERNEL */
-
- #endif /* !_DIRENT_H_ */
-
- SSEEEE AALLSSOO
- fs(5), inode(5)
-
- HHIISSTTOORRYY
- A ddiirr file format appeared in Version 7 AT&T UNIX.
-
- 4.2 Berkeley Distribution April 19, 1994 2
-